Spinka, Matthew : Christian thought - from Erasmus to Berdyaev

A survey of the age of humanism -- Two early representatives of humanism : Erasmus and Montaigne -- Cartesianism : reason faces inward. Rene Descartes, the founder of the rationalist school of philosophy -- Baruch Spinoza's deterministic pantheism -- Lockean empiricism : reason faces outward -- Introduction : Thomas Hobbes -- John Locke, the founder of English empiricism -- George Berkeley and immaterialism -- David Hume and the debacle of Lockean empiricism -- Religion in the age of reason. Blaise Pascal, the religious existentialist -- John Amos Comenius and his pansophic principles -- Bishop Joseph Butler, the rationalist apologist for Christianity -- John Wesley and the evangelical awakening -- Emotion undermines rationalism -- Introduction : Jean-Jacques Rousseau -- F.D.E. Schleiermacher, the theological exponent of romanticism -- Reality : ethical imperative or absolute all-unity? Immanuel Kant and his 'critiques' of philosophy and religion -- The idealistic monism of Georg W. Friedrich Hegel -- Vladimir S. Solovev, the philosopher of all-unity -- Revolt against Hegelianism -- Sà ren Kierkegaard and the existential theology -- Albrecht Ritschl, the father of the social gospel -- The eclipse of Christianity -- Ludwig A. Feuerbach, the philosopher of human atheism -- Karl Marx and dialectical materialism -- Auguste Comte, the founder of positivism -- Friedrich Nietzsche and the ethic of the superman -- Prophets of Christian humanism -- Feodor M. Dostoevsky, the novelist of good and evil -- Nicolas Berdyaev, the philosopher of personalism.